The study was conducted in tropical peatlands in the upper catchment of the Sebangau River near Palangkaraya, the capital city of Central Kalimantan province, Indonesia. In Central Kalimantan, a large peatland area was deforested and drained during the late 1990s, mainly to develop farmlands according to a national project: the Mega Rice Project (MRP). ,The site was a swamp forest, however, it was burnt in 1997 and 2002, El Niño years, and vegetation and surface peat soil were lost. A small tower of 4.0 m height was built at a distance of about 200 m from the canal in April 2004, when fern plants were sparsely re-growing and the ground was studded with small pools. Fern (Stenochlaena, Blechnum, and Lygodium spp.) and sedge (Cyperus, Scleria and Eleocharis spp.) plants had grown up to 0.5 m and covered most part of the ground in June 2005.There were no hummocks on the ground, because of destruction by fires. The peat depth was about 4 m. Fetches were about 250, 300, 1000, and 1000 m, respectively, for the west, south, north, and east directions.The turbulent fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat, CO2 were measured using the eddy covariance system.
