The UK-Porcupine Abyssal Plain sustained observatory, in the northeast Atlantic, has included a moored surface buoy since 2003. It is now operated jointly by the National Oceanography Centre (NOC) and the UK Met office. Year-round carbon dioxide measurements (at 1m depth and atmospheric, along with temperature, salinity, fluorescence, oxygen and meteorological data) are returned to NOC in near real time. The PAP site is visited annually for full depth (4850m) water sampling and data validation. PAP contributes data directly to UK national capability, the Met office, ICOS and various other projects.
